Webbto 2 weeks old, whereas larger chicks are much less subject to predation (Veen 1977). Thus with increasing size of the chicks there is less need to stay within the protection of the black-headed gulls. In fact, it is known that Sandwich tern parents often lead their chicks away from the nesting site (Cullen 1958; Chestney 1970; Veen 1977), which WebbThe second gull seems to reduce predation rates on tern eggs bird did not respond when the other dived for fish: and chicks (Veen 1977, and references therein), in only one of 18 single dives did the other bird join colonial nesting in the sandwich tern might have the diving one, although it often caught fish.

Living with Gulls: The Consequences for Sandwich Terns of

WebbSandwich terns, Sterna sandvicensis, often nest in association with black-headed gulls, Larus ridibundus. The gulls provide protection against predators, but can also adversely … WebbGrowth of Sandwich Tern chicks 569 of the chicks often was very irregular. Among other things, body mass growth showed large variations with weather conditions (Stienen & Brenninkmeijer 2002). For enclosed chicks, an index of body condition (CI) was defined as the proportional deviation of measured body mass (M, g) from average body mass (M exp how to word budgeting on a resume

Blackwell Science, Ltd Variation in growth in Sandwich Tern chicks …

WebbStudies on chick survival and brood-size reduction in larids have focussed on species with maximum clutches of three eggs, with the roseate tern probably being the best studied exception. The different survival of Sandwich tern chicks has been studied in detail by Langham (1974) and Veen (1977). Although clutches Webbgroup of Sandwich tern chicks at their original breeding site, while, with a wire-netting enclosure, we moved another group away from the gulls. The rate of kleptoparasitism … how to word cite mla